[ 李儉 ]——(2016-11-7) / 已閱17253次
In order to avoid IPR disputes on the international exhibition, Chinese enterprises are necessary to know and master related IPR laws and regulations of the country where the exhibition locates and conduct necessary legal consultation before exhibition even engage a professional IPR lawyer to provide lawyer’s opinions and suggestions. Exhibition company shall be obliged to provide necessary consultation service. Exhibition participant can consult with local legal consultation institution or lawyer or search on the internet to understand IPR protection law system and executive institution and its procedures of hosting country in order to decrease IPR disputes and reduce loss.
另外，對(duì)于自己攜帶參展的產(chǎn)品，最好能確定其合法的來(lái)源。如果是從企業(yè)獲得的產(chǎn)品，則必須由其出具相應(yīng)的手續(xù)如授權(quán)參展的證明文件等，以證明其來(lái)源的合法性，或者提供相關(guān)的專(zhuān)利證書(shū)復(fù)印件等。
Besides, it is best for exhibitors to ascertain the legitimate source of the products brought to the exhibition. If the product is acquired from enterprise, one shall provide relevant procedures and authorized documentary evidence for exhibition to prove its legitimacy, or provide relevant copy of IPR certificate.
（二） 準(zhǔn)備證件
Preparation of certificates
赴國(guó)外參展時(shí)，一定要帶好企業(yè)營(yíng)業(yè)執(zhí)照、產(chǎn)品的有關(guān)書(shū)面材料、產(chǎn)品專(zhuān)利證書(shū)、專(zhuān)利許可證書(shū)、注冊(cè)商標(biāo)證書(shū)等文件。如果展品在以前發(fā)生過(guò)產(chǎn)權(quán)糾紛而被法院或權(quán)威機(jī)構(gòu)證實(shí)沒(méi)有產(chǎn)生侵權(quán)行為的相關(guān)證明，務(wù)必?cái)y帶；如果再次發(fā)生知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)糾紛，這些文件就可以派上用場(chǎng)。
When one goes to attend exhibition abroad, you shall bring business license, related written materials of products, IPR certificate, patent license, certificate of registered trademark etc. If product owner has relevant certificate that proves the product not to infringe other’s IPR when involved in IPR disputes, one must bring it along because it will be useful once the product is involved in any IPR disputes.
二、參展現(xiàn)場(chǎng)遭遇問(wèn)題時(shí)積極應(yīng)對(duì)
Actively answering the encountered problem on the exhibition spot
（一） 從容應(yīng)訴
Calmly answering
不少?lài)?guó)內(nèi)公司在國(guó)外參展時(shí)受到知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)侵權(quán)指控時(shí)，對(duì)于指控不予理會(huì)，有的撤掉展品溜之大吉，或者采取“鴕鳥(niǎo)政策”。前國(guó)務(wù)院副總理吳儀奉勸企業(yè)界的老總們絕對(duì)不要抱著‘餓死不討飯，冤死不打官司’的陳腐觀念，要敢于去打官司……”。
Many of Chinese companies ignore accusation when they get involved in IPR infringement accusation during exhibition abroad. Some of them removed exhibits and flee away, or take ostrich policy. Former vice premier Ms.Wu Yi persuaded enterprises GM not to insist the outworn concept of “would rather starve to death instead of begging and would rather suffer from wrongful treatment to death instead of suing” and encourage them bravely respond to the lawsuit.
在某國(guó)際展會(huì)開(kāi)展第一天，德國(guó)某公司就我國(guó)參展商安泰科技有限公司代理的壓花玻璃侵權(quán)糾紛，拍照取證，并向安泰公司提出立即撤下侵權(quán)展品，中止參展，并收取補(bǔ)償金等訴求。面對(duì)此突發(fā)事件，企業(yè)不能置之不理，而應(yīng)當(dāng)與對(duì)方積極溝通，在保護(hù)己方商業(yè)秘密的前提下，向?qū)Ψ教峁┍匾淖C明材料。如果沒(méi)有侵權(quán)，則消除誤會(huì)；如果被確認(rèn)侵權(quán)了，則與對(duì)方進(jìn)行專(zhuān)利許可談判，或者不再展出該產(chǎn)品。協(xié)商解決是最好的辦法。
The first day during certain international exhibition, a German company came to take picture and collect evidence towards patterned glass that exhibitor Taian science co.,ltd.(hereinafter referred as “Taian company”) acted as an agent and requested Taian company to remove infringing products from exhibition booth, stop exhibition, and pay compensation. Facing this emergency, enterprise cannot just ignore but shall actively communicate with the opposite party to provide necessary materials under the premise not to disclose own business secret. If it proves to be no infringement, then misunderstanding has been cleared up. If it proves to infringe other’s IPR, then one shall conduct patent licensing negotiation, or remove this product. Settlement through negotiation shall be the best choice.
（二） 冷靜處理
Calmly dealing with
在大型的國(guó)際展會(huì)上，國(guó)外企業(yè)如果發(fā)現(xiàn)知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)侵權(quán)，一般會(huì)由律師出具警告信或者由法院發(fā)出臨時(shí)禁令。律師出具的警告信內(nèi)容包括對(duì)具體侵權(quán)行為的描述，要求對(duì)方限期停止侵權(quán)的聲明，懲罰條款等。同時(shí)，常常附律師費(fèi)用賬單。中國(guó)展商如果接到此類(lèi)警告信，首先要做兩點(diǎn)判斷：
On a large-sized international exhibition, if foreign enterprises find IPR infringement, first of all, they will entrust lawyer to present with warning letter or apply for issuance of temporary injunction by court. The warning letter provided by lawyer includes detailed description of tort act, statement of requiring the other party to stop infringement and punishment terms etc. Meanwhile, it will often be attached with bill for lawyer charge. If Chinese exhibitor receives such kind of warning letter, you shall first make two judgements:
第一， 是否存在展品侵權(quán)；
Firstly, define if your exhibited product has tort act or not;
第二， 標(biāo)的值定得是否過(guò)高。
Secondly, if the value of target subject matter are set too high
如果認(rèn)為警告有理，產(chǎn)品確實(shí)侵權(quán)，或存在侵權(quán)的可能性，可以有條件地簽署；如果堅(jiān)持自己沒(méi)有侵權(quán)，則一定不能簽署，還可以向?qū)Ψ桨l(fā)出反警告或向法院提交保護(hù)信。此外，簽署了警告信的企業(yè)，需要承擔(dān)權(quán)利人委托律師發(fā)警告的費(fèi)用。對(duì)沒(méi)收的侵權(quán)展品要求開(kāi)具清單，并查看是否與被侵權(quán)展品吻合，以便作為今后提出訴訟的依據(jù)。
If the warning is regarded reasonable and product definitely infringes other’s IPR, or has the possibility to infringe, the product owner may conditionally sign the letter. If you think your product has not infringed other’s IPR, then you shall not sign the letter and on the contrary, you can issue counter-warning or submit letter of protection to court. In addition, if you signed the warning letter, you shall assume the charge arising from issuance of warning letter from lawyer entrusted by obligee. Product owner shall ask for inventory of confiscated infringing products and check if it is same as the infringed products, and keep it as the evidence for litigation later.
警告信并不是法律規(guī)定的強(qiáng)制程序，權(quán)利人可以在不發(fā)出警告的情況下直接提起訴訟。
Warning letter is not compulsory procedures that stipulated by law. Obligee may directly lodge a lawsuit without issuance of warning letter.
（三） 避免沖突
Avoidance of conflict
幾年前德國(guó)科隆五金展期間，參展中國(guó)企業(yè)與當(dāng)?shù)鼐彀l(fā)生嚴(yán)重沖突，起因就源于一家中國(guó)企業(yè)的樣本圖片侵權(quán)。如果我們沒(méi)有因?yàn)榍謾?quán)而被處罰，卻因?yàn)榕c警察發(fā)生沖突被抓，就非常不值得了，所以盡量避免與執(zhí)法人員發(fā)生沖突，通過(guò)合法的途徑進(jìn)行交涉。
Several years ago during the period of hardware exhibition in Colon, Germany, Chinese exhibitor collided severely with local policemen arising from picture infringement of a Chinese enterprise. It is worth nothing to be arrested by clash with local policemen instead of punishment by infringement. Therefore, one shall do his best to avoid clash with law enforcement officials and negotiate through legitimate channel.
三、確實(shí)存在問(wèn)題時(shí)妥善解決
Properly solving the problem once there is
（一） 適時(shí)聘請(qǐng)律師
Engaging lawyer at the right moment
國(guó)外的法律與國(guó)內(nèi)不同，而且國(guó)外比國(guó)內(nèi)更注重法律，應(yīng)聘請(qǐng)懂得國(guó)外法律的專(zhuān)業(yè)人士來(lái)處理所產(chǎn)生的展覽商品的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)糾紛，或者在參展前尋找和聯(lián)絡(luò)參展國(guó)對(duì)展會(huì)知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)有經(jīng)驗(yàn)和相當(dāng)聲譽(yù)的當(dāng)?shù)芈蓭熓聞?wù)所作為合作對(duì)象。
Foreign laws are quite different from domestic ones and foreigner pay more attention to laws, thus exhibitor shall engage foreign professional person to handle IPR disputes arising from exhibited products, or find a cooperative partner that has rich experience on protection of exhibited products IPR and local law firm that enjoys remarkable reputation before exhibition.
（二） 選擇可行方案
Selection of practicable plan
2005年4月在德國(guó)漢諾威設(shè)備展上，德國(guó)SEW認(rèn)為杭州減速機(jī)廠等四家中國(guó)企業(yè)的參展產(chǎn)品侵犯其外觀設(shè)計(jì)專(zhuān)利，向當(dāng)?shù)赜嘘P(guān)部門(mén)提起臨時(shí)禁令，撤銷(xiāo)了中方四企業(yè)的展位，并扣壓了參展產(chǎn)品。德國(guó)為歐盟成員，臨時(shí)禁令申請(qǐng)人的權(quán)利將延伸至歐盟各成員國(guó)，被提起臨時(shí)禁令的企業(yè)將有可能與歐洲市場(chǎng)絕緣。該案引起了中國(guó)齒輪專(zhuān)業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)的高度重視，在其牽頭下，德方SEW與中方四企業(yè)坐上了和解的談判席。經(jīng)過(guò)多次的協(xié)商、溝通，對(duì)協(xié)議每一條款進(jìn)行反復(fù)探討和修改，最終歷時(shí)長(zhǎng)達(dá)一年的時(shí)間，德方SEW與我國(guó)企業(yè)達(dá)成滿意的和解條款，并正式簽訂了和解協(xié)議。
On the equipment exhibition in Hannover, Germany, in April 2005, German company SEW thought products on exhibition from Hangzhou Reduction box factory infringed their design patent, therefore they applied injunction from local relevant authority to remove exhibition booths of four Chinese enterprises and detained products for exhibition. As a member of EU, rights of applicant for temporary injunction extend to all remained EU member countries which will cause the enterprises that have been adapted to temporary injunction to be rejected out of whole European market. This case has drawn high attention of China gear industrial association. In the lead of Association, German SEW and four Chinese enterprises sit together for negotiation and conciliation. Through many rounds negotiation and communication and after repeat exploration and modification to every term of the agreement, German SEW and Chinese enterprises has finally reached a satisfactory conciliation term and officially signed the agreement after one-year efforts.
（三） 權(quán)衡利弊，降低損失
Weighing the advantages and disadvantages and reducing loss
企業(yè)要從經(jīng)濟(jì)上考慮成本是否大于收益作為取舍的依據(jù)，所以對(duì)于在國(guó)外參展出現(xiàn)知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)問(wèn)題也應(yīng)該好好權(quán)衡利與弊，以經(jīng)濟(jì)利益為重。如果我們不應(yīng)對(duì)意味著我們可能失去國(guó)外市場(chǎng)，應(yīng)對(duì)的話需要支付大量的費(fèi)用，從眼前看來(lái)是得不償失，但從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)講我們必須積極應(yīng)對(duì)知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)侵權(quán)指控，聘請(qǐng)當(dāng)?shù)芈蓭煘槲覀兎治龈鞣N解決方案，各種方案都有利弊，兩害相權(quán)取其輕，應(yīng)當(dāng)選擇對(duì)企業(yè)損害最少的方案，以便將損失降到最低。
Considering if cost is higher than income or not, enterprise shall weigh the advantages and disadvantages of IPR issue while attending exhibition abroad and regard economic benefit as a weight. If we refuse to face the IPR issue we may lose foreign market, and if we face it, we have to pay a large amount of money on the contrary. In the short term, our cost is more than benefit, but from the long term, we have to actively face the accusation of IPR infringement and engage local lawyer to help us analyze various settlement plan to solve it. Every plan has its pros and cons. We shall weigh the two plan and select the one which brings less disadvantageous to our enterprises in order to reduce loss to a minimum.
四、自我保護(hù)
Self-protection
（一） 樹(shù)立自身保護(hù)意識(shí)
Building up sense of self-protection
中國(guó)企業(yè)到國(guó)外參展屢遭投訴，不排除國(guó)外勢(shì)力打壓我國(guó)企業(yè)的產(chǎn)品出口，
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